Learn about CNC milling machine parts and functions

CNC milling machines are known as effective support equipment in material processing, helping to increase product quality, increase business productivity and reduce labor. CNC milling machines are precisely controlled, producing a variety of products, high precision, with shapes ranging from simple to complex.

The importance of CNC machines in the processing field
CNC machines are indispensable equipment in modern industries, effectively used in manufacturing industries related to wood and metal. Milling machines are used more and more widely, producing products with high precision and good quality. CNC milling machines bring breakthrough efficiency compared to using traditional methods.

CNC milling machines are controlled through a control panel system on the computer, the machine will perform precise operations according to pre-installed control commands.

Enterprises investing in modern CNC milling systems help enterprises improve their production capacity, reduce labor and increase the competitiveness of enterprises in the market.

CNC milling machines have the following main parts: machine frame, shaft, CNC controller and some accessories including coolant, lubrication system, powered drawbar, housing and fourth axis.

Learn about CNC milling machine parts and functions
Different types of CNC milling machines used in enterprises and production units are more or less different, but basically still include main parts such as machine frame, shaft, work table, controller and parts such as lubrication system, cooling, drawbar, machine housing and fourth axis ...

CNC machine frame
The CNC machine frame is the main load-bearing part, determining the stability of the machine, playing a role in supporting shock absorption and anti-vibration during machine operation.

The frame can be made of materials such as cast iron or granite with a welded structure. The granite mixture is attached to the steel barrel, which has a great effect in reducing shock and vibration for the machine.

Axis
The CNC milling machine axis is the part that creates the rotational motion to the directions of the cutting tool, which plays a role in determining the cutting speed. When controlled through a computer, the CNC machine executes the pre-installed programs.

A common CNC milling machine is called a 3-axis CNC machine and can move in 3 directions X, Y, Z. The main shaft needs to be parallel to the z-axis slide tray as well as perpendicular to the machine's worktable. The motors, switch control panels as well as lead screws are attached to the CNC shaft.

For 4-axis CNC milling machines, the 4th axis is included in the list of accessories.

Machine table
The worktable is located on top of the saddle, where there are a number of T-slots with the function of fixing the workpiece and the fixture. During the operation of the CNC machine, the worktable will move under the influence of the motor receiving signals from the coded control system.

The machine table with flexible and extremely precise movement helps ensure the machining ability of the CNC machine, even for parts with extremely complex shapes.

The CNC milling machine table can be a regular machine table or a rotary machine table, the rotary machine table helps increase the number of machining axes, thereby increasing the ability to process complex surfaces.

CNC controller
The controller of the CNC milling machine includes buttons and switches used to operate during machine operation.

The controller in the CNC milling machine gives a signal to control the machine's motor to move along the CNC axis.

CNC milling machine accessories
Coolant
CNC milling machine coolant plays a role in ensuring stable operation and improving the life of the machine. Some types of coolants used in CNC milling include Mist Coolant, Flood Coolant, Cool Air Gun or Air Blast…

Lubricant
Like any type of machinery, the engine has moving parts during operation, the CNC milling machine also needs lubrication. This helps the moving parts operate smoothly.

Currently, most CNC machines on the market use automatic lubrication systems, ensuring that the machine will be lubricated promptly. However, there are also CNC machines that need manual lubrication.

Machine housing
The machine housing helps protect the machine from external agents and ensures that the machine system is always clean during production.

4th axis
This is the axis that creates movement in a direction different from the direction of the three axes X, Y, Z. The 4th axis is only available in 4-axis CNC machines.